Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: COPA and SLC4A4 are Required for Cellular Entry of Arginine-Rich Peptides

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086639

Figure Lengend Snippet: Analysis of FITC-9R uptake in HeLa cells transfected with siRNAs against COPA, SLC4A4, ATP8B3, and CX40.1. (A) FITC-9R uptake of HeLa cells transfected with 4 individual siRNAs that were selected by primary screening. Scale bars = 10 µm. (B) Fluorescence intensity was measured by MetaMorph. Error bars represent SD from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The fluorescence intensity of HeLa cells was measured by MetaMorph, which showed that COPA siRNA1, COPA siRNA2, SLC4A4 siRNA1, and SLC4A4 siRNA2 reduced the internalization of FITC-9R compared with scrambled siRNA ( ).

Techniques: Transfection, Fluorescence

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: COPA and SLC4A4 are Required for Cellular Entry of Arginine-Rich Peptides

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086639

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) RNA interference for COPA and SLC4A4. Interference of each gene was executed by two distinct gene-specific siRNAs. HeLa cells were cultured with each siRNA for 72 h. FITC-9R was added 1 h at 37°C before observation, and cells were observed with confocal microscopy. Scale bars = 10 µm. (B) Fluorescence intensity was measured by MetaMorph. Error bars represent SD from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The fluorescence intensity of HeLa cells was measured by MetaMorph, which showed that COPA siRNA1, COPA siRNA2, SLC4A4 siRNA1, and SLC4A4 siRNA2 reduced the internalization of FITC-9R compared with scrambled siRNA ( ).

Techniques: Cell Culture, Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: COPA and SLC4A4 are Required for Cellular Entry of Arginine-Rich Peptides

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086639

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) HeLa cells were transfected with COPA and/or SLC4A4 siRNAs and cultured for 72 h. Then FITC-9R was added to cells and incubated for 1 h at 37°C. Cells were observed with confocal microscopy. Scale bars = 10 µm. (B) Fluorescence intensity was measured by MetaMorph. Error bars represent SD from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The fluorescence intensity of HeLa cells was measured by MetaMorph, which showed that COPA siRNA1, COPA siRNA2, SLC4A4 siRNA1, and SLC4A4 siRNA2 reduced the internalization of FITC-9R compared with scrambled siRNA ( ).

Techniques: Transfection, Cell Culture, Incubation, Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: COPA and SLC4A4 are Required for Cellular Entry of Arginine-Rich Peptides

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086639

Figure Lengend Snippet: (A) Confocal images of EGFP-COPA and EGFP-SLC4A4 localization in HeLa cells. Scale bars, 10 µm. Right Panel, high magnification merge images. Scale bars = 2 µm. (B) Confocal microscopy images of double fluorescence imaging show the co-localization of FITC-9R with COPA or SLC4A4 in HeLa cells. HeLa cells identified by DIC (differential interference contrast), and signaling with FITC-9R (9R) (green) were also positive for COPA (red), and co-localization was evident when images were merged (yellow). Similarly, the expression of SLC4A4 co-localized with FITC-9R is shown. pDsRed empty vector was used as a negative control and did not show co-localization with FITC-9R. Scale bars, 20 µm. (C) High magnification images from Fig. 5A. Scale bars = 10 µm.

Article Snippet: The fluorescence intensity of HeLa cells was measured by MetaMorph, which showed that COPA siRNA1, COPA siRNA2, SLC4A4 siRNA1, and SLC4A4 siRNA2 reduced the internalization of FITC-9R compared with scrambled siRNA ( ).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence, Imaging, Expressing, Plasmid Preparation, Negative Control

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: COPA and SLC4A4 are Required for Cellular Entry of Arginine-Rich Peptides

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0086639

Figure Lengend Snippet: HeLa cells were transfected COPA or SLC4A4 siRNAs, and after 72-9R or FITC-TAT were added and incubated for 1 h at 37°C. Cells were observed with confocal microscopy (A, C). Scale bars = 10 µm. Fluorescence intensity of FITC-9R and FITC-TAT were measured by MetaMorph (B, D). Error bars represent SD from three independent experiments.

Article Snippet: The fluorescence intensity of HeLa cells was measured by MetaMorph, which showed that COPA siRNA1, COPA siRNA2, SLC4A4 siRNA1, and SLC4A4 siRNA2 reduced the internalization of FITC-9R compared with scrambled siRNA ( ).

Techniques: Transfection, Incubation, Confocal Microscopy, Fluorescence

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Engineering charge density in s-block potassium single-atom nanozyme for amplified ferroptosis in glioblastoma therapy

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101889

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) The CLSM images of GL261 cells treated with Cy5.5-labeled K-SAN. (b) The CLSM images of GL261 cells colocalization. (c) The cell viability of non-cancerous cells after 24 h treatment under different K-SAN concentrations. (d) Tumor cell viability after 24 h of incubation with varying concentrations of K-SAN. (e) The fluorescence images of live/dead staining for GL261 cells incubated with varying formulations. (f) Flow cytometry measurements of GL261 cells after incubation with different formulations. ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Laser irradiation further enhanced the green fluorescence intensity in the K-SAN group, while the red fluorescence intensity exhibited an inverse pattern.

Techniques: Labeling, Incubation, Fluorescence, Staining, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Engineering charge density in s-block potassium single-atom nanozyme for amplified ferroptosis in glioblastoma therapy

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101889

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) DCF fluorescence images of GL261 cells following varying treatments. (b) The fluorescence images of •OH probe O26-stained GL261 cells following varying treatments. (C) The GSH levels in GL261 cells following varying treatments. (d)The CLSM images of MMP in GL261 cells following varying treatments. (e) Bio-TEM of GL261 cells treated with K-SAN. ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Laser irradiation further enhanced the green fluorescence intensity in the K-SAN group, while the red fluorescence intensity exhibited an inverse pattern.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Staining

Journal: Materials Today Bio

Article Title: Engineering charge density in s-block potassium single-atom nanozyme for amplified ferroptosis in glioblastoma therapy

doi: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2025.101889

Figure Lengend Snippet: (a) The percentages of hemolysis in response to different concentrations of K-SAN (Inset: photograph of centrifuge tubes containing the supernatant from erythrocytes exposed to DI water or different concentrations of K-SAN in PBS). (b) The fluorescence images and (c) corresponding quantification of GL261 tumor-bearing mice at various time points following the injection of Cy5.5-labeled K-SAN. (d) The thermal images and (e) corresponding tumor temperature variations upon laser irradiation. (f) The body weight curves of mice following varying treatments. (g) The tumor growth curves of GL261 tumor-bearing mice following varying treatments. (h) The images and (i) tumor weights were collected from mice at the conclusion of the treatment. (j) The Kaplan-Meier survival profiles of mice following varying treatments. (k) H&E, (l) TUNEL staining of tumor slides were harvested from varying groups. (m) The immunohistochemical analysis of 4-HNE levels in tumors obtained from varying groups. (n) The immunofluorescence staining of GPX4 expressions and (o) ROS levels. ∗∗∗∗P < 0.0001.

Article Snippet: Laser irradiation further enhanced the green fluorescence intensity in the K-SAN group, while the red fluorescence intensity exhibited an inverse pattern.

Techniques: Fluorescence, Injection, Labeling, Irradiation, TUNEL Assay, Staining, Immunohistochemical staining, Immunofluorescence

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Promysalin is a salicylate-containing antimicrobial with a cell-membrane-disrupting mechanism of action on Gram-positive bacteria

doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-07567-0

Figure Lengend Snippet: Membrane damage and cFSE fluorescence leakage in S. thermophilus DSM 20617 T exposed to promysalin, chlorhexidine, and gramicidin. Flow cytometry density diagrams show the cFSE vs PI fluorescence of cells exposed to promysalin or chlorhexidine or gramicidin (100, 200 µg/ml, and 100 µM respectively). ( a ) Cells before cFDASE labelling. ( b ) Cell labelled with cFSE and PI. ( c ) Cells after 60 min exposure to promysalin. Viable cells are gated in G1, viable cells with slightly damaged cell membrane are gated in G2. Dead cells with damaged membrane are gated in G3. The transition of cell population from gate G1 to gate G3 is related to the entity of cell membrane damage. ( d ) Leakage of cFSE fluorescence outside the cells during the exposure to promysalin, chlorhexidine and the membrane uncoupling gramicidin.

Article Snippet: The cFSE fluorescence intensity of stained cells was recovered by flow cytometry in the FL1 channel (excitation 488 nm, emission filter 530/30, provided by BD Biosciences, Milan, Italy).

Techniques: Fluorescence, Flow Cytometry